Rollup merge of #140438 - ferrocene:pa-debug-assertions-tools, r=Kobzol

Add `rust.debug-assertions-tools` option

Before this PR, the two only options to configure the presence of debug assertions were the `rust.debug-assertions` and `rust.debug-assertions-std` options. The former applied to everything, and the latter allowed to override the setting just for the standard library. This combination of settings doesn't allow to enable debug assertions for the std and the compiler but not tools.

Some tools (like Cargo) are not really meant to be executed with debug assertions enabled, and in Ferrocene we hit some debug assertions in it that are exclusively meant for its test suite. We'd thus like to enable debug assertions everywhere but in tools.

This PR adds a `rust.debug-assertions-tools` setting that does exactly this.

Author: matthiaskrgr