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migrate test site to bap main site
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‎404.md

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---
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layout: center
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permalink: /404.html
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---
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# 404
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Sorry, we can't seem to find this page.
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<div class="mt3">
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<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/" class="button button-blue button-big">Home</a>
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</div>

‎CNAME

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dbrumley.github.io

‎Gemfile

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source 'https://rubygems.org'
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gem 'github-pages'

‎_config.yml

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# Site settings
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title: The BAP Blog
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# email: [email protected]
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author: David Brumley
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description: "The Binary Analysis Platform Blog"
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baseurl: ""
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url: "http://binaryanalysisplatform.github.io"
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# Google analytics
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google_analytics:
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# Optional features
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animated: false
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show_related_posts: false
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show_post_footers: false
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# Social icons
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show_social_icons: false
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github_username:
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twitter_username:
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google_plus_id:
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linkedin_username:
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bitcoin_url:
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paypal_url:
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flattr_button:
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# Build settings
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markdown: redcarpet #kramdown
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permalink: pretty
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paginate: 3
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sass:
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compressed: true

‎_drafts/bap-ocaml-tips.md

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---
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layout: post
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title: BAP Conventions
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---
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In this blog post we will give several tips for using BAP on your system.
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# Use baptop
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BAP comes with a program called `baptop`, which is an excellent way to
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explore BAP modules. `baptop` is a
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[`utop`](https://opam.ocaml.org/blog/about-utop/) interface that loads
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the BAP. `utop` provides a bunch of useful directives, that can help
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you to explore BAP library interactively. You can find the type of
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any type, module or expression or in `baptop` by using the `#typeof`
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directive followed by the name of the expression in quotes. For
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example, to find the type of `Image.t`, in `baptop` type:
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{% highlight ocaml %}
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(* using a fully-qualified name. *)
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utop # open Bap.Std;;
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utop # #typeof "image";;
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type Bap.Std.image = Bap.Std.Image.t
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{% endhighlight %}
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# Module hierarchy management
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We have spent quite a bit of time thinking about the BAP module
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hierarchy. Inside BAP, all types and definitions are belong to a
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`Bap.Std` module hierarchy. The structure mimics OCaml `Core` library
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quite closely.
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Underneath the hood we use somewhat mangled names for actual files
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that are not as clean as the compiled BAP hierarchy. The mangling is
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to overcome some problems with linking and `ocamlfind` that posed a
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challenge to preserving hierarchy purity. As a result, often the name
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of a module (e.g.,
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[`Elf`](https://github.com/BinaryAnalysisPlatform/bap/blob/master/lib/bap_elf/bap_elf.ml))
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does not correspond to a single file of the same name (e.g., there is
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no elf.ml). A BAP developer will have to work their way through the
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file redirection space, but no BAP user should have to.
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# Setting up your editor
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‎_drafts/why-ocaml.md

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---
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layout: post
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title: Why ocaml?
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permalink: why_ocaml
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---
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BAP is written in OCaml, and I often get asked why. Often the person
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asking has good reasons to prefer another language. For example,
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Python has more libraries and is quicker to prototype, C is faster,
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and so on.
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We do not take this question lightly. BAP has undergone several
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significant rewrites, and for the last three iterations we have chosen
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OCaml. To understand why, first a little history
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## Compilers at CMU
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In the mid 2000's I (David Brumley) was a TA for the CMU undergraduate
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compiler course (course number: 15-411). Peter Lee was the instructor.
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(Peter is a former CMU Computer Science Departmet Head, now a Vice
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President at Microsoft, and one of the co-inventors of Proof Carrying
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Code.) We use the excellent Appel book for compilers, which comes in
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three forms: one for C, one for Java, and one for SML.
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At the beginning of semester Peter told all the students that in his
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experience, final grades historically roughly corresponded to the
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language chosen. He also emphasized it didn't matter what language you
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were familiar with now: he had seen many people who had never used ML
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before write the course compiler in SML, and do quite well.
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At the end of the semester, Peter's observations seemed quite
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true. Students who programmed in C received a C or lower (often
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fighting with hard-to-debug memory management issues that lead to
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crashing compilers), students in Java received a B (lots of template
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code, unexpected NULL exceptions), and students who wrote in ML got
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As. I do not remember whether this was true in every case, but it was
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certainly a strong enough sign that I remember it.
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## OCaml for Binary Analysis
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As a graduate student, I worked with Dawn Song and created Vine, the
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static analysis part of [BitBlaze](http://bitblaze.eecs.berkeley.edu).
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That architecture underwent 3 main revisions. The first was in C, then
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C++, and then OCaml. Just like in compilers, I found C memory safety
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was hard to get right, my C++ relied on a huge amount of template code
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(we tried using the visitor design pattern as specified in the Appel
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compiler book), while OCaml seemed to be a sweet spot.
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### Win: Static Type Safety
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Others have spoken at length at the benefit of type safety.
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Type safety is a big deal, not just for correctness but also because
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it makes programs easier to debug.
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### Win: Pattern Matching
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Beyond the well-discussed benefits of type safety covered elsewhere
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(Hello [Jane Street](http://janestreet.com)), the ability to
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**pattern match** ended up being a huge advantage.
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Compilers, and most binary analysis platforms, desugar assembly
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statements into an intermediate representation (IR). The majority of
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code analysis is a pattern match on IR statements. For example, in
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def-use analysis you first match on assignment statements, and then
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set anything on the left-hand side as a definition and on the
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right-hand side as a use. Pattern matching rules.

‎_includes/footer.html

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<footer class="footer">
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<div class="p2 wrap">
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<div class="measure mt1 center">
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<small>
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BAP has been funded in part by grants from
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the NSF and DARPA, as well as internal funds.
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</small>
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</div>
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</div>
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</footer>
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<!-- {% if site.google_analytics %} -->
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<!-- <script> -->
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<!-- (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ -->
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<!-- (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), -->
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<!-- m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) -->
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<!-- })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); -->
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<!-- ga('create', '{{ site.google_analytics }}', 'auto'); -->
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<!-- ga('send', 'pageview'); -->
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<!-- </script> -->
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<!-- {% endif %} -->

‎_includes/head.html

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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
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<title>{% if page.title %}{{ page.title }} &#8211; {% endif %}{{ site.title }}</title>
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
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<meta name="description" content="{% if page.summary %}{{ page.summary }}{% else %}{{ site.description }}{% endif %}">
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<meta name="author" content="{{ site.author }}">
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{% if page.categories %}<meta name="keywords" content="{{ page.categories | join: ', ' }}">{% endif %}
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<link rel="canonical" href="{{ page.url | replace:'index.html','' | prepend: site.baseurl | prepend: site.url }}">
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<!-- Custom CSS -->
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ "/css/pixyll.css" | prepend: site.baseurl }}" type="text/css">
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<!-- Fonts -->
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<link href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Merriweather:900,900italic,300,300italic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
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<link href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:900,300' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
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{% if site.show_social_icons %}
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<link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.2.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
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{% endif %}
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<!-- Open Graph -->
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<!-- From: https://github.com/mmistakes/hpstr-jekyll-theme/blob/master/_includes/head.html -->
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<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US">
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<meta property="og:type" content="article">
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<meta property="og:title" content="{% if page.title %}{{ page.title }}{% else %}{{ site.title }}{% endif %}">
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<meta property="og:description" content="{% if page.description %}{{ page.description }}{% else %}{{ site.description }}{% endif %}">
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<meta property="og:url" content="{{ site.url }}{{ page.url }}">
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<meta property="og:site_name" content="{{ site.title }}">
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</head>

‎_includes/header.html

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<header class="site-header px2 px-responsive">
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<div class="mt2 wrap">
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<div class="measure">
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<a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/" class="site-title">{{ site.title }}</a>
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<nav class="site-nav right">
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{% include navigation.html %}
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</nav>
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<div class="clearfix"></div>
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{% if site.show_social_icons %}
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{% include social_links.html %}
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{% endif %}
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</div>
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</div>
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</header>

‎_includes/navigation.html

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<a href="{{ site.baseurl}}/archive/">Archive</a> <a href="{{ site.baseurl }}/about/">About</a>

‎_includes/pagination.html

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<div class="pagination clearfix mb1 mt4">
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<div class="left">
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{% if paginator.previous_page %}
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{% if paginator.page == 2 %}
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<a class="pagination-item" href="{{ site.baseurl }}/">Newer</a>
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{% else %}
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<a class="pagination-item" href="{{ site.baseurl }}/page{{paginator.previous_page}}/">Newer</a>
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{% endif %}
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{% else %}
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<span class="pagination-item disabled">Newer</span>
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{% endif %}
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</div>
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<div class="right">
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{% if paginator.next_page %}
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<a class="pagination-item" href="{{ site.baseurl }}/page{{paginator.next_page}}/">Older</a>
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{% else %}
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<span class="pagination-item disabled">Older</span>
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{% endif %}
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</div>
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</div>

‎_includes/post_footer.html

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<div class="py2 post-footer">
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<img src="/images/me.jpeg" alt="John Otander" class="avatar" />
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<p>
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Pixyll is an open-source Jekyll theme that's built by <a href="http://johnotander.com">John Otander</a>.
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When he's not writing code and building things, he likes to ski. A. Lot.
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</p>
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<p>
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Follow him on <a href="https://twitter.com/4lpine">Twitter</a>.
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</p>
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</div>

‎_includes/social_links.html

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<div class="social-icons">
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<div class="left">
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{% if site.github_username %}
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<a class="fa fa-github" href="https://github.com/{{ site.github_username }}"></a>
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{% endif %}
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<a class="fa fa-rss" href="{{ "/feed.xml" | prepend: site.baseurl }}"></a>
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{% if site.twitter_username %}
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<a class="fa fa-twitter" href="https://twitter.com/{{ site.twitter_username }}"></a>
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{% endif %}
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{% if site.google_plus_id %}
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<a class="fa fa-google-plus" href="https://plus.google.com/{{ site.google_plus_id }}/posts"></a>
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{% endif %}
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{% if site.email %}
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<a class="fa fa-envelope" href="mailto:{{ site.email }}"></a>
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{% endif %}
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{% if site.linkedin_username %}
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<a class="fa fa-linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/{{ site.linkedin_username }}"></a>
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{% endif %}
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</div>
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<div class="right">
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{% if site.bitcoin_url %}
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<a class="fa fa-bitcoin" href="{{ site.bitcoin_url }}"></a>
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{% endif %}
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{% if site.paypal_url %}
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<a class="fa fa-paypal" href="{{ site.paypal_url }}"></a>
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{% endif %}
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{% if site.flattr_button %}
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{{ site.flattr_button }}
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{% endif %}
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="clearfix"></div>

‎_layouts/center.html

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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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{% include head.html %}
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<body>
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<div class="site-wrap center">
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{% include header.html %}
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<div class="post p2 p-responsive wrap" role="main">
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<div class="measure">
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{{ content }}
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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{% include footer.html %}
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</body>
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</html>

‎_layouts/default.html

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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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{% include head.html %}
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<body class="{% if site.animated %}animated fade-in-down{% endif %}">
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<div class="site-wrap">
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{% include header.html %}
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<div class="post p2 p-responsive wrap" role="main">
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<div class="measure">
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{{ content }}
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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{% include footer.html %}
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</body>
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</html>

‎_layouts/page.html

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---
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layout: default
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---
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<div class="post">
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<header class="post-header">
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<h1 class="h2">{{ page.title }}</h1>
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</header>
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<article class="post-content">
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{{ content }}
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</article>
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</div>

‎_layouts/post.html

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---
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layout: default
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---
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{% assign minutes = content | number_of_words | divided_by: 180 %}
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{% if minutes == 0 %}
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{% assign minutes = 1 %}
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{% endif %}
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<div class="post-header mb2">
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<h1>{{ page.title }}</h1>
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<span class="post-meta">{{ page.date | date: "%b %-d, %Y" }}</span><br>
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{% if page.update_date %}
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<span class="post-meta">Updated: {{ page.update_date | date: "%b %-d, %Y" }}</span><br>
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{% endif %}
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<span class="post-meta small">{{ minutes }} minute read</span>
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</div>
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<article class="post-content">
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{{ content }}
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</article>
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{% if site.show_post_footers %}
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{% include post_footer.html %}
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{% endif %}
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{% if site.show_related_posts %}
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<h3 class="related-post-title">Related Posts</h3>
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{% for post in site.related_posts %}
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<div class="post ml2">
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<a href="{{ post.url | prepend: site.baseurl }}" class="post-link">
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<h4 class="post-title">{{ post.title }}</h4>
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<p class="post-summary">{{ post.summary }}</p>
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</a>
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</div>
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{% endfor %}
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{% endif %}

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